Wann Fettsäuresynthese?
3 Regulation der Synthese Das Enzym Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase stellt die Regulationsstelle für die Synthese dar. NADPH, ATP und Citrat aktivieren das Enzym, Acyl-CoA hemmt es. Insulin ist ein Induktor, cAMP ein Repressor. Fettsäuren werden vor allem synthetisiert, wenn die Zelle genug Energie und Kohlenhydrate besitzt.
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move. Proteins are assembled at organelles called ribosomes. When proteins are destined to be part of the cell membrane or exported from the cell, the ribosomes assembling them attach to the endoplasmic reticulum, giving it a rough appearance.
Why is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum called the transitional ER?
The transitional ER gets its name because it contains ER exit sites. These are areas where the transport vesicles that contain lipids and proteins made in the ER, detach from the ER and start moving to the Golgi apparatus. Specialized cells can have a lot of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and in these cells the smooth ER has many functions.
What causes the endoplasmic reticulum to become engorged?
Sometimes, when those proteins are made improperly, the proteins stay within the endoplasmic reticulum. They’re retained and the endoplasmic reticulum becomes engorged because it seems to be constipated, in a way, and the proteins don’t get out where they’re suppose to go.
What is the function of phospholipid membrane in endoplasmic reticulum?
The phospholipid membrane encloses the cisternal space (or lumen), which is continuous with the perinuclear space but separate from the cytosol. The functions of the endoplasmic reticulum can be summarized as the synthesis and export of proteins and membrane lipids, but varies between ER and cell type and cell function.